जरूरी है और सॉफ्टवेयर बनाने के लिए कंप्यूटर की जानकारी | Introduction t...
The ‘goto’ keyword
Use of ‘goto’ takes the control where you want. Though it is easy to use, it should be
avoided. The big problem with ‘goto’ is
that we can never be sure how we got to a certain point in our code.
Functions
A function is a self-contained block of statements that
performs a task of some kind. Every C==
program can be thought of as a collection of these functions using a function
is like hiring a person to do a specific job for you. The following points can be noted :
(i)
Any C program
contains at least one function. It must
be main ( ).
(ii)
If there are more
than one functions in a program, then one must be main ( ).
(iii) There
is no limit on the number of functions that might be present in a program.
(iii)
Each function is
called in the sequence specified by the function calls in main ( ).
(iv)
After each
function has done its job, control returns to main ().
(v)
A function is
called when the function name is followed by a semicolon (;), for example :
Main(
)
{
sum( );
}
(vi) A function is defined when function name
is followed by a pair of braces, in which one or more statements may be
present, for example :
sum ( )
{
statement 1;
statement 2;
statement 3;
}
(vii) Any function can be called from any other
function. Even main ( ) can be called
from other functions.
(viii) A function can be called any number of
times.
(ix)
A function can
call itself. Such a process is called
‘recursion’.
(x)
A function cannot
be defined in another function.
(xi)
There are
basically two types of functions :
(a)
Library
functions, e.g – printf( ), getch( ), clrser( ) etc.
(b)
User-defined
functions, e.g – sum ( ), prime( ) etc.
(xii) There is no restriction on the number of
‘return’ statements in a function. Also
the ‘return’ statement need not always be present at the end of the called
function.
(xiii)
A function can
return only one value at a time.
(xiv)
If we want that a
called function should not return any value, then we must use keyword ‘void’
before its name. e.g -
void
display ( )
{
cout<<”\n Heads
I Win …..”;
cout<<”\n Tails
you lose.”;
}
Comments
Post a Comment